Pyongyang Journal: Misadventures in the Democratic People’s Republic of Disneyland

Ox-drawn carts squeak by towering marble monuments – with slogans like “Live forever our father” [Kim Il Sung]. Remnants of four-lane highways snake parallel to a single train track that handles all traffic through the northwestern corridor. Schoolchildren in tattered shorts play near stiff-faced sentries (the kids wield sticks; the soldiers, automatic rifles).

Such dichotomies reflect the perplexing and almost unimaginable world that is the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, a hermit kingdom that may harbor a half-dozen nuclear weapons or more while simultaneously being on the brink of a famine that could doom most of its peasant population.

Now, with outside reports that North Korea strongman Kim Jong Il is seriously ill, international attention is focusing once again on this troublesome nation. The world’s leaders remain, however, much as everybody else, befogged about the road ahead for North Korea. The reason for this is simple: practically nothing – news, Western luxuries, even people – is allowed in, or out.

But here I am, riding a German-imported train with 30 other Chinese tourists and plenty of North Korean guards patrolling the cabins, on our way to Pyongyang. I’ve come to see what life here is like for the Koreans, fully expecting the absurd.
What I didn’t expect was a history lesson on my own cultural heritage (I moved from China to the US when I was 6), for I had inadvertently stepped through a time portal into 1970s Red China, right down to the Orwellian surveillance and forced confessions.

My holiday began in Dandong, a wood-print of any other Chinese boomtown, its streets spilling over with traffic, gaudy billboards, and all sorts of touts living out the capitalist dream. One morning late last month, the once-daily train eased across the yawning Yalu River into North Korea.

While there was the expected indignation from the Chinese tourists – “Look at how many people they’ve shoved onto that train,” one woman exclaimed – most passengers were understanding. “They live better than the farmers in Shaanxi and Gansu,” said the man next to me, as he looked out at endless green fields of rice and corn and government-built apartments.

Our traveling entourage included a diverse array of characters: an older woman who would find her brother-in-law’s name at a Pyongyang monument to the Chinese comrades who died during the Korean War; a young serial traveler who was already planning her next trip, a ride on the Tran-Siberian railway to Moscow; a stout ethnic Korean who lived in China and took this journey simply as a weekend diversion.

Even though it has a burgeoning middle class that can now afford to vacation in Thailand or Hawaii, China still has many people who journey to North Korea each year – hundreds per day in August and September during the Arirang mass games, a staged gymnastics spectacle. It could be the red-carpet treatment they receive (five-star hotels, buffet feasts, VIP tickets), but I sense that for my fellow travelers, most in their 50s, this trip was a chance to revisit their still painful adolescence in China, and to say, “Look how far I’ve come.”

The head guide, Ju Rol, a newly married North Korean, greeted us at Pyongyang’s Soviet-era train station. He didn’t wear the ill-fitted suits popular with most North Koreans, but Western-style collared shirts, and along with his near-perfect Chinese accent, he promptly endeared himself to the group – or at least the women, who laughed at his jokes.

He herded us onto a sleek tour bus, which became our classroom for the next three days. The first day’s lesson, as we rode from the captured USS Pueblo to the Pyongyang Metro, covered the “three beauties” of North Korea: the greenery, the air, and the women. As if on cue, one of his new female admirers declared, “You’ll never see blue skies like this in Beijing.”

Part 2 tomorrow.

Tour stop #3: The loneliness of a shopping mall book signing

Waldenbooks, Salina Central Mall

Having completed my first and only shopping-mall-based Marco Polo Didn’t Go There book-signing, I now know what it feels like to be a public social oddity — to have people furrow their brows at you in bafflement at the sight of you, or avoid eye-contact altogether as they walk by. At times, as I sat in front of the Waldenbooks outlet in the Salina Central Mall with a stack of my books, I felt less like an author than one of those guys who gets hired to dress up in a chipmunk costume and hand out promotional flyers for a car wash.

In retrospect, I realize it was unrealistic to think that an all-purpose indoor shopping mall in a mid-sized, mid-American city would be a good place to tout my book. After all, your average person heads out to the mall on a Saturday to shop for shoes or catch a movie, not to impulse-buy a travel-themed book by some guy they’ve never met before. However, since the mall Waldenbooks is the only place in Salina where one can buy new books — and since I’m now based out of a small farmhouse about 8 miles southeast of Salina — I figured it would be good form to make an appearance there.

After having participated in more structured book events on college campuses or in indie bookstores (for both my new book and for Vagabonding), I don’t think I was quite prepared for an appearance that basically involved sitting at a table with a stack of my books and greeting passersby. In theory this might seem innocuous enough — that is, until you realize that the only other people doing this in the mall are pushing gym memberships or cell phone plans. Thus, your average Saturday shopper has gotten used to avoiding eye contact with anyone who sits at a table and greets them in a friendly voice.

For someone who is not used to being in such situations, this can be a humbling experience.
Of course, it’s good to be humbled from time to time. As a full-time travel writer, I have the luxury of doing what I love for a living. Not everyone does. Moreover, not everyone cares all that much about world travel, and it was easy to see this at the Salina Mall. Sitting at my little table, I had a stack of cards touting a $500 flight-voucher drawing (thanks to a Bootsnall promotion that ties into my book tour) — but this didn’t get nearly as much attention as the drawing for the Mahindra ML 105 tractor that was parked 15 feet in front of me. Even the folks who filtered in and out of the Waldenbooks were more interested in Halloween kids’ books or the new Christopher Paolini than the book of the guy (me) sitting right there in front of them.

Ultimately, I sold three copies of Marco Polo Didn’t Go There over the course of two hours: One to a Kansas Wesleyan University student who’d heard me speak on campus the previous week; one to the co-owners of Pronto Print, where I occasionally go to make photocopies; and one to a woman who goes to Assaria Swedish Lutheran Church with my parents. About halfway through my stint some of my family showed up, and I spent the last hour of my author appearance reading Halloween books with my nephew Luke and chatting up the various random shoppers who had the temerity to make eye contact with me.

In a way, it wasn’t a bad way to spend a Saturday afternoon in Salina. Whereas I’ve lost count of how many times I’ve sat back and watched families and teens and retired folks interact in the small-town plazas of Europe or South America, I can’t recall ever having done such a thing in my own adopted hometown. Thus, for two hours I got to observe something I might otherwise have missed — the understated Saturday rhythms of an indoor shopping mall in the middle of the country.

And in a way, that was itself a close-to-home travel lesson, even if I didn’t sell many books.

Plane Answers: Trailing cones, Vegas takeoffs and crew bases

Welcome to Gadling’s feature, Plane Answers, where our resident airline pilot, Kent Wien, answers your questions about everything from takeoff to touchdown and beyond. Have a question of your own? Ask away!

Richard asks a technical question:

I have seen several photos of what I believe are later model 737s with what appears to be a small drogue chute trailing off the top back of the vertical stabilizer. I have done a few searches on the internet about it but have never found anything explaining what this item is.

I had to check with my friend Tom, who is a Boeing test pilot. He explained that this drogue chute is actually a “Trailing Cone,” which is often used in flight testing to accurately sense pressure experienced during various flight test conditions or maneuvers.

The cone stabilizes a plastic tube, which in turn conveys the sensed pressure information to the flight test instrumentation system. The pressure information must be taken at a significant distance away from the aircraft, so as to not have the pressure probe immersed in a disturbed flow field, which can occur if pressures are sensed too near the aircraft.

Usually the cone and tube are “reeled out” after takeoff, and reeled back in before landing. When being used in flight to provide accurate pressure information, the cone and tube are typically trailed behind the aircraft at distances of approximately 100 to 125 feet.

Wes asks:

My pilot on a 737 said on departure from Las Vegas that we were taking off in the opposite direction than normal. He said this was due to the following issues: it was hot and jet engines perform lower in high heat; the runway had a slight incline to it; and the plane was full. I was wondering if these were valid reasons to reverse the departure route on a runway. Thanks.
Absolutely Wes.

I don’t fly to Vegas very often, but we have “takeoff data” that lists the weight we can depart with based on each runway, the current temperature and even what the headwind or tailwind component is. In fact, each knot of tailwind will cost us between 500 and 2000 pounds of weight that we can’t carry, but we’re rarely at our maximum takeoff weight so it’s not usually a factor.

Also, as the temperature increases, the allowable takeoff weight decreases. The data also takes into account the slope of the runway.

So there are times when it’s advisable to takeoff downwind on a downward sloping runway, especially if there are no obstacles in the way after departure. These obstacles are also accounted for in the takeoff data sheet we pull up before departure through an ACARS computer, which is like a box designed to print out these computations from the company. Some airlines issue their pilots laptop computers so they can compute this takeoff data, weight and balance without the use of an ACARS.

Lee asks:

I fly often and have always wanted to ask a flight attendant or pilot how they get back home, which I know sounds dumb.

But really, the average Joe gets on a plane and thinks nothing of it, I on the other hand always wonder where you guys live and how you manage to get home. Do y’all stay at hotels a lot? Do y’all have shifts, like 7 to 3, etc.?

For instance, I fly (Jet Blue) to San Diego quite often. The pilot always tells us they’re based out of Long Beach, CA. Well, does that mean they fly an empty plane from Long Beach to San Diego and vise-versa when they get through?

I have to assume a typical airline pilot doesn’t have a 40-hour week.

The large airlines may have from four to nine different crew bases where pilots and flight attendants generally start and end their trips from. Some crew members prefer to live somewhere else and commute into their base to start their trip. In these cases, they don’t get paid for traveling to and from work, obviously.

Occasionally we’ll be called out to fly a trip from another city, so the company will ‘deadhead’ us to pick up that flight which usually ends up at our base. Ironically, as I write this, we’re deadheading down to San Juan to pick up a flight back to Boston.

We’re paid for 50 to 100% of the flight time while deadheading depending on which airline a pilot or flight attendant works for.

Most crews live within a few hours of their base, which is typically located at a major city such as New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Atlanta, Miami, San Francisco or in my case, Boston.

Occasionally a base such as New York will be made up of two or three airports that crews may have to work from.

When we’re at work on a multi-day trip, each pilot and flight attendant stays in hotels provided by the airline.

While they’re aren’t really any scheduled ‘shifts’ we’re able to bid for the following month’s schedule (see my Cockpit Chronicles on Bidding) we can choose between different destinations, departure times and the number of days away in a row.

Most trips are between one and four days at my company.

In your JetBlue example, since the crew is based in Long Beach, I suspect they’re actually laying over in San Diego. They will likely fly somewhere else the next day before flying back home to Long Beach.

Do you have a question about something related to the pointy end of an airplane? Ask Kent and maybe he’ll use it for next Friday’s Plane Answers feature.

Big in Japan: Crazy, crazy creatures from old Japan

Old Japan, at least the one in the stories, must have been a wild place…

The word y?kai (?????) refers to a broad class of demons, spirits and monsters that appear in traditional Japanese folklore. Possessing great supernatural and spiritual powers, y?kai are famous for their mischievous dealings with humans.

While modern Japan is justifiably famous for its weird, wacky and often bizarre anime and manga, it’s not too difficult to figure out where the inspiration for these creations came from. Indeed, y?kai are truly the stuff of legends, which why today’s post is all about these crazy, crazy creatures from old Japan.

Bakez?ri (????????, transforming straw sandals) There is an entire class of y?kai known as tsukumogami (???????, artifact spirits), which are ordinary household items that come to life on their one-hundredth birthday. Bakez?ri are traditional straw sandals that suddenly spring to life, and start running through the house screaming at the top of their lungs.

Tanuki (???, ?????????) Anyone who remembers the video game Super Mario Bros. 3 knows that the tanuki suit was pretty awesome, especially since you could change into a statue and avoid those pesky koopa troopas. Tanuki are actually a living raccoon-like animal found in mountains and forests. In old Japan however, they were mischievous tricksters that were easily identifiable by their massively swollen testicles, which they could swing over their shoulders and carry around like a duffel bag!

Intrigued? There are lots more (^_^)

Abura-sumashi (油すまし, oil presser) This legendary potato-shaped goblin has an unquenchable thirst for oil. Since oil was used to heat houses in the days before electricity, the Japanese believed that anyone who stole this valuable commodity would be reincarnated as an abura-sumashi. Considering that oil prices might soon reach US$200 a barrel, perhaps this bitter old goblin is the perfect mascot for the campaign against global warming.

Futakuchi-onna (二口女, two-mouthed woman) This one is bit creepy. Futakuchi-onna are distinguished by their second mouth, which appears when the back of a woman’s head splits open, revealing lips, teeth and a tongue. The second mouth is foul-tempered, screeches loudly and talks ill about the men folk. It can also control a woman’s hair like tentacles, allowing itself to feed at its own will, or strangle any ill-fated men that just happen to be around during one of its mood swings!

Kappa (河童, river child) The inspiration for the previously mentioned koopa troopas, kappa are river sprites with thick shells, scaly skin and monstrous faces that are a cross between an ape and a duck. Their head contains several water-filled depressions, which allows them to survive temporarily on land. Of course, in true Japanese fashion, kappa are extremely polite, and cannot help but return a deep bow, even if it means spilling their vital fluids and losing their strength.

Even today, Japanese children in the countryside are still jokingly taught to return the bows of kappa as a protection from yōkai. Perhaps the truth really is out there…

** All images are courtesy of the WikiCommons Media Project. **

Undiscovered New York: Bombing the Bronx and the Graffiti of 5 Pointz

As a resident of New York for just over five years, I frequently take for granted the “relative” cleanliness of my city. Sure, I could do without the many, pungent trash bag piles during summertime, but you quickly get accustomed to a certain level of grit and grime when you live in one of the world’s largest metropolises.

In fact, my version of New York circa-2008 is a utopia of clean compared to New York in the 1970’s and 80’s, when the town was literally coming apart at the seams. As the city suffered a massive financial crisis, crime ran rampant and public services like the subway system fell into decline. As tragic as this period was for residents, it also provided the background for some of the era’s most important cultural movements, including the rise of punk at clubs like CBGB, emerging artists like Basquiat and in particular, the first stirrings of the nascent culture of Hip-Hop and graffiti in the Bronx.

Graffiti is perhaps one of the most controversial artistic movements of the end of the 20th Century. As much as its detractors view the form as symptomatic of urban blight, its supporters just as forcefully embrace it as the stirrings of a wholely legitimate new art form. Though vandals have been defacing public buildings with their “art” since the ancient Greeks and Romans, the modern incarnation of graffiti took shape in New York City in the borough of the Bronx in the 1970’s. In that regard the current prominence of famous graffiti artists like Banksy owe their rise to the pioneers of the form here in New York several decades ago.

So if you’re visiting New York City in 2008, where do you go to see and learn more about graffiti firsthand? Click on through to find out more and learn where to go to find the art form still alive and kicking in the 5 boroughs.The rise of NYC graffiti was as much a result of civic neglect as it was a nascent cultural movement. With city police preoccupied with a huge crime wave, the city’s walls and subway cars became prime canvases for vandals, who began leaving their mark wherever they saw fit.

At first it was all about gaining notoriety. Early practitioners of the form like TAKI 183 would roam the city, leaving their ‘tag’ as a way to earn bragging rights throughout the huge city. Soon the movement gained steam, with other ‘taggers’ competing to see who could create the most ambitious pieces, evolving into elaborate, colorful works painted directly on the city’s subway cars. Due to the covert nature of their projects, many graffiti taggers began to describe their hit and run visits to the city’s subway rail depots as “bombing.” The style is perhaps best encapsulated by the 1983 documentary Style Wars, which documents New York’s thriving Hip-Hop, breakdancing and graffiti cultural scenes.

While graffiti on the New York City subway is a thing of the past, the spirit of the movement carries on today. A walk around downtown neighborhoods like the Lower East Side, East Village, Soho and parts of Brooklyn will reveal the art form is still alive and well. While there’s no one specific spot to check out, an afternoon stroll down the area’s many side streets will reveal a wealth of projects if you’re curious. Check out Wooster Collective and Streetsy, two of the best online street art websites, to get an idea of what’s out there. In the East Village, also make sure to check out the cheeky works of De La Vega at his shop on St. Mark’s Place.

But for the best place to go to learn more about this uniquely New York art form, your first stop should be Five Pointz, a large-scale artist project in Queens. This huge industrial building, located in Long Island City, is completely covered from floor to ceiling in a living, breathing mural of graffiti artwork. Artists both local and from around the world drop by on a regular basis to put up new pieces, resulting a building that has become a dynamic illustration of the art form’s continuing legacy and influence. While some works are more abstract, there’s plenty of great pieces that feature New York themes like Hip-Hop and many of the city’s famous landmarks. The building also has plenty of examples of wildstyle, an intricate form of lettering made famous by the original New York ‘taggers.’

If you want to check out Five Pointz, it’s easy enough to make a full day out of your trip to Queens. Just a short walk across the street is the art museum PS1, a contemporary art gallery which is an offshoot of the famous Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). Just take the E or V trains to the 23rd Street/Ely Avenue stop or the 7 train 45th Road/Courthouse Square. The Five Pointz building is hard to miss – you’ll be able to the see the brightly-colored murals from up close as your train rumbles right past the building’s many murals.